A condenser is a vacuum-generating device that uses the kinetic energy of a motive fluid—typically water or high-pressure steam—to entrain a secondary fluid or gas from the suction side. Through momentum transfer, the motive fluid captures and carries the suction fluid, thereby evacuating it and creating a vacuum in the process

A condenser, when designed as a vacuum-generating system, operates by harnessing the kinetic energy of a high-velocity motive fluid—typically water or high-pressure steam—to draw in and entrain another fluid or gas from a suction inlet. As the motive fluid accelerates through a specially engineered nozzle or venturi, it creates a low-pressure zone that effectively pulls the suction fluid into the flow stream. This interaction relies on momentum transfer, where the energy of the fast-moving motive fluid is imparted to the suction fluid, propelling it forward and displacing it from the system. As this process continues, the pressure in the suction chamber drops progressively, resulting in the generation of vacuum. Such systems are commonly used in power plants, chemical processing, and other industrial applications where vacuum conditions are necessary for efficient operation or environmental control.